The history of Berlin left the city with a selection of architecture. The appearance of the city in the twenty-first century was shaped by the major role the city played in German history in the twentieth century. Every government based in Berlin - the Kingdom of Prussia, the German Empire in 1871, the Weimar Republic, the Nazi Germany, the East Germany, and the Federal Republic of Germany - started ambitious building programs, with each adding a distinct flavor to the city's architecture.

History
Berlin was heavily bombed during World War II, and many of the buildings that survived the war were demolished during the 1950s and 1960s. Most of these demolitions have started through municipal programs for residential and commercial construction and new road construction.

In East Berlin there are many platbotten: a reminder of the planned residential areas of the eastern bloc, with shops and schools having a fixed population. According to architect David Chipperfield, the simple appearance of Platinbao residences does not promote improvement, and may be a factor helping to maintain the social continuity of the residents and local neighborhoods.

Ongoing construction makes Berlin largely "in work", even in 2015.

East Side Gallery
The East Side Gallery is an open-air art gallery painted directly on the last parts of the Berlin Wall. It is the largest remaining evidence of the historical division of the city, and was restored in 2008-2009.

Fernsehturm
The Fernsehturm (TV Tower), at Alexanderplatz in Mitte, is among the tallest buildings in the European Union at an altitude of 368 meters (1,207 feet). Built in 1969, it can be seen from many of Berlin's central districts, and the city can be seen from the 204-foot (669-foot) observation deck. From here, Karl Marx Allee, lined with massive apartment buildings from the Stalin era, heads east. Next to this area is the Roots Ratus (City Hall), with its distinctive red brick architecture. In front of the City Hall is Neptunbrunnen, a fountain featuring the legendary group of Tritons (personification of the four major Prussian rivers) beneath Neptune.

Gendarmenmarkt
The Gendarmenmarkt, a new classic square in Berlin named after the city's 18th-century Gens d'armes regiment, is bordered by two cathedrals of similar design: Franzischer Dome, with its observation platform, and Deutscher Dome. The Konzerthaus (Concert Hall), home of the Berlin Symphony Orchestra, is located between the two cathedrals.

Museum Island
Museum Island, on the Spree River, has five museums built between 1830 and 1930 that were named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999. A major entrance to all of the city's museums has been restored and Stadtschloss is rebuilding on the island costing more than two billion euros since Germany’s reunification .

Next to Lustgarten and the palace on the island is the Berlin Cathedral, Emperor William II's ambitious attempt to create a Protestant counterpart to St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. A large crypt contains the remains of some of the early Prussian royal family. The church is now owned by the Confederation of Protestant Churches (UEK). Like many other buildings, it suffered massive damage during World War II and required its restoration. The best preserved church in Berlin, the medieval church of Sainte Marie, is the first preaching place - the second memorial church of Kaiser Wilhelm - Bishop of the Evangelical Church in Berlin - Brandenburg - Silesian Upper Lusatia (EKBO, regional Protestant body church). St. Hedwig Cathedral is the Roman Catholic cathedral in Berlin.

Unter den Linden
Unter den Linden is a tree-lined road from east to west from the Brandenburg Gate to the former Berliner Stadtschloss site, and it was a major park in Berlin. Many classic buildings line the street, and there is part of Humboldt University there. Friedrichstraße was the legendary street of Berlin during the Roaring Twenties, and it combines the traditions of the twentieth century with modern architecture in Berlin.

Brandenburg Gate
Brandenburg Gate is a prominent landmark of Berlin and Germany that appears on German euro currencies (10 cents, 20 cents and 50 cents). The Reichstag building is the traditional seat of the German Parliament, which was renovated during the 1950s after the massive damage of World War II. The building was redesigned again by British architect Norman Foster during the 1990s and features a glass dome over the sitting area, which provides free public access to parliamentary procedures and views of the city.

Potsdamer Platz
Potsdamer Platz was built after 1995, after the Berlin Wall was demolished. To the west is the Kulturforum, which houses the Gemäldegalerie and is surrounded by Neue Nationalgalerie and Berliner Philharmonie. A memorial to the slain Jews in Europe, a memorial to the Holocaust, in the north.

Hackescher Markt
The area around Hackescher Markt is a fashion and cultural base with clothing outlets, clubs, bars and galleries. They include Hackesche Höfe, a group of buildings around the courtyards that were rebuilt around 1996. The Oranienburger Straße and the nearby new synagogue were centers of Jewish culture before 1933. [16] Although the new synagogue is still anchor to Jewish history and culture, Oranienburger Straße and the surrounding area are best known for shopping and nightlife.

Straße des 17. Juni
The Straße des 17. Juni, which connects the Brandenburg Gate and Ernst-Reuter-Platz, serves as the central hub between East and West. Its name mentions the uprisings in East Berlin on June 17, 1953. Nearly halfway through the Brandenburg Gate is Großer Stern, a circular traffic island on which the Siegessäule (Victory Column) is located. This memorial, built to commemorate Prussia's victories, was moved in 1938-1939 from its previous position in front of the Reichstag.

Kurfürstendamm
Kurfürstendamm is home to some of Berlin's luxury shops, with the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church at its eastern end on the Breitscheidplatz. The church was destroyed during World War II, and left in ruins. Located near Tauentzienstraße KaDeWe, it is the largest department store in Europe. Ratus Schöneberg, where he made John F. Kennedy "Ich bin ein Berliner!" Speak, located in Tempelhof-Schöneberg.

Schloss Bellevue
West of the city center, Schloss Bellevue is the residence of the German President. Schloss Charlottenburg was largely destroyed by fire during WWII, and was rebuilt as the largest surviving historic palace in Berlin.

Funkturm Berlin
Funkturm Berlin is a 150-meter (490-foot) network radio tower built between 1924 and 1926. It can be reached with a window lift.