Jewels and gemstones have been around since the earth was formed but were only discovered once geology began. There are many different kinds of gems each having their own significance and meaning, beauty and character. Historically gems were reserved for the wealthy and ruling classes. Gemstones are without a doubt beautiful to behold and are held in high esteem and for this reason have been given places of honor over the years. One such place of honor is in the English Imperial State Crown which is adorned with sapphires, rubies, pearls, emeralds and more than 3000 diamonds. This crown also boast the second largest polished diamond in the world, the Cullinan II as well as the magnificent Black Princes ruby.