My research focuses on the functional role of microRNA (miRNA) molecules in benign and malignant diseases of the female reproductive tract, in particular, endometrial cancer, endometriosis, endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers, and infertility related to uterine dysfunction. These diseases all revolve around a common theme of endometrial dysfunction. The translational questions surrounding these diseases come from routine gynecologic practice as seen through the eyes of a physician scientist. Endometriosis, endometrium in an ectopic location, affects up to 10% of reproductive age women. Endometrial cancer affects 1 in 38 women. Endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers, the endometrioid and clear-cell histotypes of ovarian cancer, comprise 20% of epithelial ovarian cancers. Finally, unexplained infertility after many cycles of IVF with good quality embryos due to implantation defects or other not-yet-named uterine dysfunction is frustrating to patients and physicians alike. Thus, community gynecologists commonly see these diseases, but the underlying pathogenesis is still not fully understood. To study these diseases of the endometrium, we have successfully used a combination of next-generation sequencing, human tissue samples, mouse models, and in vitro culture systems.